Define Multiprogramming and Time Sharing Operating Systems

Multiprogramming Operating System: Multiprogramming allows operating systems to execute multiple processes by monitoring their process status and switching between processes. In this the problem of low utilization of processor and memory is solved and multiple programs run on CPU hence it is called multiprogramming. There is no fixed time for the procedures. Its main objective is resource utilization.

Advantages of Multiprogramming Operating System

1) The response time will be less and there will be better utilization of the resource.

2) Best source utilization.

3) This can help improve turnaround time for any type of timing task.

4) Resources are used cleverly.

5) Different users can use multiprogramming system simultaneously.

Disadvantages of Multiprogramming Operating System

1) Prior knowledge of scheduling algorithms is required.

2) If it has a large number of jobs, long duration jobs will have to wait a long time.

3) Memory management is required in operating system because all kinds of functions are stored in main memory.

4) Heavy use of multiprogramming can lead to heat-up problems.

Time Sharing Operating System: Time sharing is a logical extension of multiprogramming, in this time sharing operating system multiple users/processes are allocated with computer resources in respective time slots. In this the processor time is shared with many users hence it is called time sharing operating system. Its a fixed time slice for different processes. Its main objective is interactive response time.

Advantages of Time Sharing Operating System

1) Every job gets equal opportunity.

2) Less chance of software duplication.

3) CPU idle time can be reduced.

Disadvantages of Time Sharing Operating System

1) Credibility problem

2) Must take care of the security and integrity of user programs and data.

3) Data communication problem.